Maternal Infection Study (MIS)  was initiated as a prospective study in Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital, Harar, where it recruited mothers (2017-2020) in maternity and tested a subset in the same case-control design (cases=350, controls=500). Samples were taken to include blood, oropharyngeal/nasopharyngeal swabs and rectal/vagino-rectal swabs. Laboratory investigation was conducted at HHR laboratory on the premises of the College of Health Sciences, Haramaya University. The tests included both conventional (culture) and nucleic acid detection methods (multiplex PCR TaqMan Array Cards).