Invasive Bacterial Disease study is a project that seeks to understand the causes of life-threatening illness in neonates and children admitted to Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital, Harar, Ethiopia. Most common causes of serious illness in babies and children are usually infectious diseases that can be detected in the blood and in the liquid around the brain and spinal cord called cerebrospinal fluid. Moreover, the study employees mixed methods to determine factors that influence under-five children’s discharge against medical advice (DAMA) and investigate the perspectives of doctors, nurses, and families on DAMA decision-making at Hiwot Fana.